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Evolution

Sexta-feira, 18.10.19

WE MIGHT BE THE ONLY INTELLIGENT LIFE IN THE UNIVERSE

(Nick Longrich/theconversation.com)

 

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Universo

 

  • Are We Alone in The Universe?

 

“The universe is astonishingly vast. The Milky Way has more than 100 billion stars, and there are over a trillion galaxies in the visible universe, the tiny fraction of the universe we can see. Even if habitable worlds are rare, their sheer number – there are as many planets as stars, maybe more – suggests lots of life is out there. So where is everyone? This is the Fermi paradox. The universe is large, and old, with time and room for intelligence to evolve, but there’s no evidence of it.” (Nick Longrich)

 

  • Could Intelligence Simply Be Unlikely to Evolve?

 

“Unfortunately, we can’t study extraterrestrial life to answer this question. But we can study some 4.5 billion years of Earth’s history, looking at where evolution repeats itself, or doesn’t.”

“Humans couldn’t evolve until fish evolved bones that let them crawl onto land. Bones couldn’t evolve until complex animals appeared. Complex animals needed complex cells, and complex cells needed oxygen, made by photosynthesis. None of this happens without the evolution of life, a singular event among singular events. All organisms come from a single ancestor; as far as we can tell, life only happened once.” (Nick Longrich)

 

  • Curiously, All This Takes A Surprisingly Long Time.

 

“Photosynthesis evolved 1.5 billion years after the Earth’s formation, complex cells after 2.7 billion years, complex animals after 4 billion years, and human intelligence 4.5 billion years after the Earth formed. That these innovations are so useful but took so long to evolve implies that they’re exceedingly improbable.” (Nick Longrich)

 

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Fotossíntese

 

  • An Unlikely Series of Events.

 

“These one-off innovations, critical flukes, may create a chain of evolutionary bottlenecks or filters. If so, our evolution wasn’t like winning the lottery. It was like winning the lottery again, and again, and again. On other worlds, these critical adaptations might have evolved too late for intelligence to emerge before their suns went nova, or not at all. Imagine that intelligence depends on a chain of seven unlikely innovations – the origin of life, photosynthesis, complex cells, sex, complex animals, skeletons and intelligence itself – each with a 10% chance of evolving. The odds of evolving intelligence become one in 10 million … (or) intelligence will evolve on just 1 in 100 trillion habitable worlds. (Nick Longrich)

 

  • And Yet, We’re Here.

 

“If evolution gets lucky one in 100 trillion times, what are the odds we happen to be on a planet where it happened? Actually, the odds of being on that improbable world are 100%, because we couldn’t have this conversation on a world where photosynthesis, complex cells, or animals didn’t evolve. That’s the anthropic principle: Earth’s history must have allowed intelligent life to evolve, or we wouldn’t be here to ponder it.” (Nick Longrich)

 

  • Earth’s History … (and) … Intelligent Life to Evolve.

 

“Intelligence seems to depend on a chain of improbable events. But given the vast number of planets, then like an infinite number of monkeys pounding on an infinite number of typewriters to write Hamlet, it’s bound to evolve somewhere. The improbable result was us.” (Nick Longrich)

 

[theconversation.com/evolution-tells-us-we-might-be-the-only-intelligent-life-in-the universe-124706]

 

(imagens e texto/extractos: Nick Longrich/Evolution tells us we might be the only intelligent life in the universe/October 18, 2019/theconversation.com)

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publicado por Produções Anormais - Albufeira às 23:06

Humans may be reversing the climate clock by 50 million years

Quarta-feira, 12.12.18

[Com um estudo levado a cabo por um grupo de investigadores da Universidade do Wisconsin-Madison (EUA), a sugerir uma tendência de arrefecimento da Terra recuando às condições Climáticas registadas há 50.000.000 de anos (milhões), num processo com uma aceleração fantástica levando apenas 200 anos (centenas) a concluir-se: dentro de uma dúzia de anos com a Terra a recuar a um período muito semelhante ao do MID-PLIOCENE (recuando mais de 3.000.000 de anos); para de seguida e dentro de 132 anos (nada se fazendo entretanto) se poder comparar (o seu clima) ao período do EOCENO (quente e quase livre de gelo) registado há 50 milhões de anos.]

 

Date:

December 10, 2018

 

Source:

University of Wisconsin-Madison

 

Summary:

Our future on Earth may also be our past. Researchers show that humans are reversing a long-term cooling trend tracing back at least 50 million years. And it's taken just two centuries.

 

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Future climate analogs for the years 2020, 2050, 2100 and 2200 according to three well-established models

If greenhouse gas emissions are not curbed, the study says, the climate will continue to warm until it begins to resemble the Eocene in 2100

 

Our future on Earth may also be our past

 

In a study published Monday (Dec. 10, 2018) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers show that humans are reversing a long-term cooling trend tracing back at least 50 million years. And it's taken just two centuries.

                                                               

2030, Earth's climate is expected to resemble that of the mid-Pliocene, going back more than 3 million years in geologic time. Without reductions in our greenhouse gas emissions, our climates by 2150 could compare to the warm and mostly ice-free Eocene, an epoch that characterized the globe 50 million years ago.

 

"If we think about the future in terms of the past, where we are going is uncharted territory for human society," says the study's lead author, Kevin Burke, who conducted the work while a graduate student in the lab of paleoecologist John "Jack" Williams, professor of geography at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. "We are moving toward very dramatic changes over an extremely rapid time frame, reversing a planetary cooling trend in a matter of centuries."

In their paper, the researchers try to strike a balance between alarm and optimism. On the one hand, Earth is headed into the unknown in our children's and grandchildren's lifetimes. On the other, life has long proven to be resilient. And, Williams says, in many places we are moving away from fossil fuels toward more sustainable and carbon-free energy sources. But more needs to be done.

 

We've seen big things happen in Earth's history -- new species evolved, life persists and species survive. But many species will be lost, and we live on this planet," says Williams. "These are things to be concerned about, so this work points us to how we can use our history and Earth's history to understand changes today and how we can best adapt."

 

(publicado/inglês: sciencedaily.com/Universidade de Wisconsin-Madison/10.12.2018)

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publicado por Produções Anormais - Albufeira às 18:23

Humans & Robots

Terça-feira, 03.06.14

Robots Are Replacing Warehouse Workers, Fast Food Employees and Soon Truck Drivers

 

Human vs. Robot

 ...

Robots never take a day off, they never get tired, they never get sick, they never complain, they never show up late, they never waste time on the Internet and they always do what you tell them to do.

...

But what happens when robots are able to do just about everything less expensively and more efficiently than humans can? Where will our jobs come from?

...

And this is just the beginning. In a previous article, I discussed the groundbreaking study by Dr. Carl Frey and Dr. Michael Osborne of Oxford University which came to the conclusion that 47 percent of all U.S. jobs could be automated within the next 20 years.

...

(texto de artigo: humansarefree.com – imagem: shadowness.com)

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publicado por Produções Anormais - Albufeira às 11:40

Geneticist Thinks Man Evolved From Pig and Chimp Hybrid

Segunda-feira, 02.12.13

“Humans didn’t evolve from just apes but was a backcross hybrid of a chimpanzee and pigs”

(The Times of India – 30.11.2013)


The CHIMP-PIG MAN

 

"We believe that humans are related to chimpanzees because humans share so many traits with chimpanzees. Is it not rational then also, if pigs have all the traits that distinguish humans from other primates, to suppose that humans are also related to pigs?

 

(disinfo.com/indiatimes.com)

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publicado por Produções Anormais - Albufeira às 22:07

ET

Quarta-feira, 10.08.11

Sumerian history involving humans and E.T.s

 

A race of E.T.s known as the Anunnaki combined their DNA with humans in order to create beings capable of mining gold

 

The Huffington Post

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publicado por Produções Anormais - Albufeira às 14:02